Beekeeping Apiary Spacing Calculator
Created by: Emma Collins
Last updated:
Plan your apiary layout with optimal hive spacing. Calculate total area needed, choose arrangement styles, and get recommendations to reduce bee drifting and ensure easy access.
What is a Beekeeping Apiary Spacing Calculator?
An Apiary Spacing Calculator helps beekeepers determine optimal hive placement and total space requirements for their bee yard. Proper spacing ensures comfortable inspections, reduces bee drifting, and maximizes the use of available forage.
Whether you're setting up your first apiary or expanding an existing one, this calculator helps you plan efficient layouts that work for both bees and beekeeper.
Understanding Apiary Layout
Minimum Hive Spacing: 2-3 feet between hives for basic access
Comfortable Spacing: 4-6 feet for easy inspections
Working Space: 3-4 feet behind hives for standing
Entrance Direction: Face southeast for morning sun, vary angles to prevent drifting
Frequently Asked Questions
How far apart should beehives be spaced?
Minimum 2-3 feet between hives for basic access. Ideal spacing is 4-6 feet for comfortable inspections without disturbing neighboring colonies. Face entrances different directions to reduce drifting. In commercial operations, hives may be closer with pallets of 4.
How many hives can I have per acre?
Rural areas with good forage: 2-4 hives per acre. Suburban areas: 1-2 hives per acre. Factor in neighboring forage within 2-mile radius. More hives = more competition for limited resources, potentially reducing per-hive honey production.
Does hive orientation matter?
Yes. Face entrances southeast to catch morning sun (bees start foraging earlier). Avoid north-facing entrances in cold climates. Angling entrances in different directions (not all facing same way) reduces drifting - bees returning to wrong hive.
What is bee drifting and why prevent it?
Drifting is when forager bees return to the wrong hive, usually end hives in a row. This spreads disease/mites between colonies and weakens some hives while strengthening others. Vary hive colors, entrance angles, and add landmarks to prevent it.
How much space do I need behind hives?
Leave 3-4 feet behind hives for access and inspection. You'll need to stand behind to lift frames. More space is better - consider room for extractor, wheelbarrow, or equipment during harvest and heavy management periods.
Sources and References
- Delaplane, K.S., "First Lessons in Beekeeping", Dadant & Sons
- University of Florida IFAS Extension, "Apiary Site Selection"
- Bee Culture Magazine, "Apiary Layout Best Practices"